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1.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 118: e220220, 2023. graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1440674

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND Epidemiological data related to leishmaniases or Leishmania infection in horses are scarce. However, studies carried out in different regions in the world showed equids parasitised by Leishmania braziliensis, L. infantum and L. martiniquensis. OBJECTIVES Identify the Leishmania species causing cutaneous leishmaniasis in a mare, living in Rio de Janeiro State (Brazil), and search the presence of Leishmania viruses in the isolated parasite. METHODS Isoenzymes and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting ITSrDNA region followed by sequencing were conducted for typing the isolated parasite. A search for Leishmania virus infection was also performed. FINDINGS The mare presented skin nodules and ulcers in the left pinna caused by Leishmania spp. that was detected by culture and PCR. The parasite was identified as Leishmania (Mundinia) martiniquensis, infected by Leishbunyavirus (LBV), representing the first description of this species in South America. The animal travelled to different Brazilian regions, but not to outside the country. MAIN CONCLUSIONS The worldwide distribution of L. martiniquensis and its infection by LBV were confirmed in this study, indicating the autochthonous transmission cycle in Brazil. The clinical profile of the disease in the mare, showing fast spontaneous healing of cutaneous lesions, may indicate that skin lesions related to L. martiniquensis infection in horses might be underdiagnosed.

2.
Braz. J. Vet. Res. Anim. Sci. (Online) ; 55(4): [e144252], Dezembro 21, 2018. tab, ilus
Article in English | VETINDEX, LILACS | ID: biblio-1000079

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to determine the occurrence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in the serum of slaughtered chickens in the region of Triângulo Mineiro, Minas Gerais, Brazil, to detect the parasite in tissues (heart and brain) of serologically positive chickens, based on molecular analysis, and to investigate risk variables associated with the infection. Sera from 417 chickens raised in extensive, semi-intensive, and intensive production systems were tested by an indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and indirect hemagglutination antibody test (IHA). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to detect T. gondii DNA in brain and heart tissues. Antibody anti-T. gondii were found in 37.65% (157/417) of chickens by IFAT, and in 75.06% (313/417) by IHA. The Kappa index showed a weak concordance between the techniques (0.087). Association was observed between seropositivity and the variables, age (p < 0.0001), type of feeding (p < 0.0001) and collective raising with other animal's species (p < 0.0001). Association, based on IFAT, was not observed between seropositivity and the variables, sex (p = 0.0526), presence of cats (p > 0.9999), and presence of rats (p > 0.9999). Presence of parasite DNA was detected in brain samples from two chickens, which were raised in intensive and semi-intensive production systems. The results suggest the meat of these slaughtered animals may serve as a transmission source of this protozoan to humans.(AU)


O objetivo do presente estudo foi determinar a frequência de anticorpos anti-Toxoplasma gondii em soro de galinhas abatidas na região do Triângulo Mineiro, Minas Gerais, detectar molecularmente o parasito em tecidos (coração e cérebro) de algumas das aves sorologicamente positivas e averiguar variáveis de risco associadas à infecção. Foram testados soros de 417 galinhas, criadas nos sistemas extensivo, semi-intensivo e intensivo. Para a pesquisa de anticorpos anti-T. gondii foi utilizada a Reação de Imunofluorescência Indireta (RIFI) e Hemaglutinação Indireta (HAI). A Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase (PCR) foi utilizada para detectar o DNA de T. gondii em fragmentos de cérebro e coração. Anticorpos foram detectados no soro de 37,65% (157/417) das aves pela RIFI e em 75,06% (313/417) pela HAI. O índice Kappa mostrou uma fraca concordância entre as técnicas (0,087). Baseado na RIFI, foi verificada associação estatisticamente significativa (p < 0,0001) entre a soropositividade e as variáveis: idade, tipo de alimentação e criação em conjunto com outras espécies animais. Não foi observada associação estatística (p > 0,01) entre as variáveis: sexo, presença de gatos e presença de ratos. Pelo diagnóstico molecular DNA do parasito foi detectado em duas amostras de cérebro, de indivíduos diferentes criados em sistema intensivo e semi-intensivo. Os resultados indicam a possibilidade de a carne dessas aves poderem atuar como fonte de infecção deste protozoário para o homem.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Chickens/microbiology , Toxoplasmosis/immunology , Pathology, Molecular , Risk Factors
3.
Rev. bras. educ. méd ; 42(1): 216-225, jan.-mar. 2018.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-958563

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Estudos sobre o ensino da patologia no Brasil são escassos e mostram um cenário desmotivador para estudantes e professores. Embora essa disciplina seja fundamental à formação médica, o distanciamento entre o seu ensino e o das demais disciplinas clínicas leva ao não reconhecimento, por parte dos estudantes, da importância da patologia para a formação profissional, especialmente na área de doenças infecciosas. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o processo de formação e produção do conhecimento em patologia em três faculdades de Medicina com ensino tradicional no Estado do Rio de Janeiro e seu impacto na atuação de patologistas e infectologistas. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo com utilização da técnica do discurso do sujeito coletivo em entrevistas semiestruturadas. Foram entrevistados sete professores de patologia de duas faculdades públicas e de uma particular e dez médicos - cinco patologistas que atuavam no Rio de Janeiro e cinco infectologistas de um centro de referências em doenças infecciosas no Rio de Janeiro. A disciplina de patologia é oferecida de forma descontextualizada em períodos específicos. Professores reconhecem que aulas descontextualizadas não estimulam o interesse pela especialidade nem preparam estudantes para interação com patologistas e serviços de anatomia patológica. Para infectologistas, falta percepção da importância da patologia na graduação, o que para patologistas gera dificuldades na interação com infectologistas, resultando em preenchimento incompleto de solicitação de exames histopatológicos, dificuldade na interpretação de laudos e envio inadequado de amostras. Infectologistas e patologistas acreditam que mais aulas práticas, maior integração com a clínica e a presença do patologista em outros cenários de aprendizagem aumentem o interesse pela patologia. Todos os professores, infectologistas e patologistas pesquisados reconheceram a existência de lacunas no ensino-aprendizagem na disciplina de patologia na graduação médica e a necessidade de reformulação para torná-la uma especialidade mais interessante e alinhada à realidade profissional.


ABSTRACT Studies on the teaching of pathology are scarce in Brazil and show a demotivating scenario for students and professors. Although it is fundamental for medical training, the distance between pathology and other clinical disciplines leads to students not recognizing the importance of pathology for their professional education, especially in the field of infectious diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the teaching-learning process of pathology in three medical schools in the state of Rio de Janeiro which offer traditional teaching, and its impact on the work of pathologists and infectious disease specialists. It is a qualitative study using the collective subject discourse technique in semi-structured interviews. We interviewed seven pathology professors from the three medical schools along with 10 physicians, five pathologists working in pathology laboratories and five infectious disease specialists from a referral center on infectious diseases in Rio de Janeiro. The discipline of pathology is taught in a non-contextualized manner limited to a few semesters. Professors recognize that non-contextualized classes neither stimulate interest in the specialty nor prepare students for interaction with pathologists and pathology laboratories. For infectious disease specialists, medical undergraduates' lack of perception regarding the importance of pathology leads to difficult interaction between pathologists and infectious disease specialists. This difficult interaction translates into incomplete histopathological requests, difficulty in interpreting pathology reports and inadequate sending of samples. Infectious disease specialists and pathologists believe that a focus on more practical activities, greater integration with clinical disciplines and the presence of pathologists in other learning scenarios would increase interest in pathology. All the professors and physicians surveyed acknowledged the existence of gaps in the teaching of pathology in medical schools and the need for a reformulation to make it a more interesting discipline and aligned with future practice.

4.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 113(11): e180260, 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-976229

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND Visceral leishmaniasis is a major public health challenge in South America, and dogs are its main urban reservoir. OBJECTIVE Validation of the canine Dual-path Platform immunoassay for canine visceral leishmaniasis (DPP® CVL) for a sample set composed of 1446 dogs from different Brazilian endemic areas. METHODS A well-defined reference standard by means of parasitological culture, immunohistochemistry, and histopathology was used. Animals were classified as asymptomatic, oligosymptomatic, or symptomatic. Sensitivity and specificity were assessed as a single set and in clinical groups. A reproducibility assessment of the tests was conducted using the Kappa (κ) index at three different laboratories (A, B, and C). FINDINGS Overall, 89% sensitivity and 70% specificity were obtained for the entire sample set. Analysis of the clinical groups showed a gradual decrease in the sensitivity and an increase in the specificity with the reduction of clinical signs in the dogs that were assessed, reaching a sensitivity of 75% (42.8-94.5%) among asymptomatic dogs and lower specificity of 56% (46.2-66.3%) among symptomatic dogs. Inter-laboratory agreement was substantial (κAB= 0.778; κAC= 0.645; κCB= 0.711). MAIN CONCLUSIONS The test performance is somewhat dependent on canine symptomatology, but such influence was less evident than in previous studies. Favourable results for sensitivity and specificity can be obtained even in asymptomatic animals; however, caution is needed in these evaluations, and the results suggest that the immunochromatographic test may be further improved for better investigation in asymptomatic dogs. The results obtained confirm the usefulness of DPP® CVL for application in serological surveys.


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Immunoassay/classification , Serologic Tests , Leishmaniasis, Visceral/parasitology
5.
Rev. bras. parasitol. vet ; 26(2): 239-242, Apr.-June 2017. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1042442

ABSTRACT

Abstract Priacanthus arenatus is a fish that occurs in the waters of the western Atlantic Ocean and has few records of parasitism. This study aimed to report histological changes caused by the larvae of Hysterothylacium deardorffoverstreetorum. Between July and December, 2013, 30 samples of P. arenatus were obtained from fish markets in the cities of Niterói and Rio de Janeiro, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Fragments of spleen, liver, stomach wall and mesentery tissues containing nodules and free parasites were extracted to histopathological study. Through histological analysis it was verified that these nodules consisted of connective tissue capsules, in which the parasites were located, with granulomatous inflammation mainly comprised of macrophages and lymphocytes. These nodules also consisted of a central portion of acellular amorphous material, formed by concentric layers, which was slightly basophilic and contained tunnels and, sometimes, parasite debris. The presence of tunnels in acellular amorphous material suggests that the larvae are initially located at the center of the nodules and then they migrate to the surface.


Resumo Priacanthus arenatus é um peixe que ocorre nas águas do Atlântico ocidental com poucos relatos de parasitimo. Este estudo objetivou relatar as características histológicas causadas pelas larvas de H. deardorffoverstreetorum em P. arenatus. Entre julho e dezembro de 2013, 30 espécimes de P. arenatus foram obtidas de mercados de peixes das cidades de Niterói e Rio de Janeiro, Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Fragmentos de baço, fígado, parede do estômago e mesentério contendo nódulos foram extraídos para estudo histopatológico. Foi observado através de análise histológica que esses nódulos eram constituídos por uma cápsula de tecido conjuntivo, onde se localizavam os parasitas viáveis, com infiltrado inflamatório granulomatoso, constituído, predominantemente, por macrófagos e linfócitos e por porção central de material amorfo acelular, formado por lâminas concêntricas, ligeiramente basofílico, contendo túneis e, por vezes, restos parasitários. A presença de túneis no material amorfo acelular dos nódulos analisados histologicamente sugerem que as larvas se localizam inicialmente no centro do granuloma e depois migram para a superfície do mesmo.


Subject(s)
Animals , Ascaridoidea , Perciformes/parasitology , Ascaridida Infections/veterinary , Fish Diseases/pathology , Brazil , Ascaridida Infections/pathology , Fish Diseases/parasitology , Larva
6.
Rev. bras. parasitol. vet ; 25(4): 450-458, Sept.-Dec. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-830049

ABSTRACT

Abstract This study describes the occurrence of dogs naturally co-infected with Hepatozoon canis and two Leishmania species: L. infantum or L. braziliensis. Four dogs serologically diagnosed with Visceral Leishmaniasis were euthanized. Liver and spleen samples were collected for histopathological analysis and DNA isolation. H. canis meronts were observed in tissues from all four dogs. H. canis infection was confirmed by PCR followed by sequencing of a fragment of 18S rRNA gene. Leishmania detection and typing was confirmed by ITS1' PCR-RFLP and parasite burden was calculated using ssrRNA quantitative qPCR. A DPP - Dual Path platform test was performed. One out (Dog #2) of four animals was asymptomatic. Dogs #1 and #4 were infected by L. infantum and were DPP test positive. Dogs #2 and #3 were infected by L. braziliensis and were DPP test negative. Furthermore, visceral dissemination was observed in Dogs #2 and #3, since L. braziliensis was detected in liver and spleen samples. The visceral dissemination of L. braziliensis associated with systemic signs suggested that this co-infection could influence the parasite burden and disease progression.


Resumo O presente estudo descreve a ocorrência de coinfecção com Hepatozoon canis e duas espécies de Leishmania (L. infantum ou L. braziliensis) em cães. Quatro cães sorologicamente diagnosticados com leishmaniose visceral foram eutanasiados. Amostras do baço e fígado foram submetidas à histopatologia e extração de DNA. Merontes de H. canis foram observados nos quatro cães. A infecção por H. canis foi confirmada por PCR e sequenciamento de um fragmento do gene 18S rRNA. A infecção por Leishmania e tipagem foram realizadas por PCR-RFLP do região intergênica ITS1. A carga parasitária foi calculada pela qPCR quantitativa baseada no gene ssrRNA. O teste DPP - Dual Path platform foi realizado. Apenas o Cão #2 era assintomático. Os cães #1 e #4 estavam infectados com L. infantum e foram positivos no DPP. Os cães #2 e #3 estavam infectados com L. braziliensis e foram negativos no DPP. Além disso, visceralização foi observada nos cães #2 e #3, nos quais L. braziliensis foi detectada em amostras de baço e fígado. A visceralização da L. braziliensis associada a sinais clínicos sistêmicos sugerem que esta coinfecção pode ter influenciado na carga parasitária e progressão da doença.


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Coccidiosis/veterinary , Dog Diseases/parasitology , Coinfection/veterinary , Leishmaniasis, Visceral/veterinary , Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length , Coccidia , Coccidiosis/parasitology , Leishmania infantum , Coinfection/parasitology , Leishmaniasis, Visceral/parasitology
7.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-774570

ABSTRACT

After the report of a second case of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) in São Bento da Lagoa, Itaipuaçu, in the municipality of Maricá, Rio de Janeiro State, an epidemiological survey was carried out, through active search, totaling 145 dogs. Indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and rapid chromatographic immunoassay based on dual-path platform (DPP(r)) were used to perform the serological examinations. The parasitological diagnosis of cutaneous fragments was performed by parasitological culture, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry. In the serological assessment, 21 dogs were seropositive by IFA, 17 by ELISA, and 11 by DPP(r), with sensitivity of 66.7%, 66.7% and 50%, and specificity of 87.2%, 90.2% and 94%, respectively for each technique. The immunohistochemistry of bone marrow using the cell-block technique presented the best results, with six positive dogs found, three of which tested negative by the other parasitological techniques. Leishmania sp. was isolated by parasitological culture in three dogs. The detection of autochthonous Leishmania infantum in Itaipuaçu, and the high prevalence of seropositive dogs confirm the circulation of this parasite in the study area and alert for the risk of expansion in the State of Rio de Janeiro.


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Female , Male , Antibodies, Protozoan/blood , Dog Diseases/diagnosis , Leishmania infantum/immunology , Leishmaniasis, Visceral/veterinary , Brazil/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Dog Diseases/epidemiology , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/veterinary , Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect/veterinary , Chromatography, Affinity/veterinary , Leishmaniasis, Visceral/diagnosis , Leishmaniasis, Visceral/epidemiology , Sensitivity and Specificity , Seroepidemiologic Studies
8.
Rev. bras. parasitol. vet ; 22(1): 29-33, Jan.-Mar. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: lil-671628

ABSTRACT

Aspidogastrea are globally-distributed parasites of the class Trematoda, which have been described as pathogens of a range of aquatic organisms, in marine and freshwater environments. The principal morphological characteristic of the group is an adhesive ventral disc, which is responsible for fixing the parasite to the host organism. In this study, 112 specimens of Colomesus psittacus from the municipality of Cametá, in the state of Pará (Brazil), were necropsied. Platyhelminthes of the genus Rohdella attached to the mucous membrane of the fish's intestine by the adhesive disc were observed. Fragments of parasitized tissue were fixed in Davidson solution and then processed and stained with hematoxylin-eosin. Other fragments were fixed in glutaraldehyde, processed and observed under a scanning electron microscope. The prevalence of the parasite was 76.4%, mean intensity of infection was 8.0 and mean abundance was 6.2. The parasitism provoked chronic enteritis with diffused inflammatory infiltration. The adherence of the parasite to the mucous membrane of the intestine resulted in strangulation and hyperplasia of the region, as well as causing hypertrophy of the muscle of the mucous membrane. The present study describes the anatomopathological and ultrastructural aspects of the parasitism of the intestine of C. psittacus by Rohdella sp.


Os Aspidogastreas são parasitos da classe Trematoda, distribuídos globalmente e têm sido descritos como patógenos em uma gama de organismos aquáticos de ambientes marinhos e de água doce. A principal característica morfológica do grupo é um disco adesivo na região ventral responsável pela fixação do parasito no organismo hospedeiro. Neste estudo, 112 espécimes de Colomesus psittacus provenientes do município de Cametá, no estado do Pará (Brasil), foram necropsiados. Foram observados platelmintos do gênero Rohdella aderidos à mucosa intestinal através do disco adesivo. Fragmentos de tecido com parasito foram fixados em solução de Davidson e processados e corados em Hematoxilina-Eosina. Outros fragmentos foram fixados em glutaraldeído, processados e observados em microscopia eletrônica de varredura. A prevalência parasitária foi de 76, 4%, intensidade média de infecção de 8,0 e abundância média de 6,2. O parasitismo ocasionou uma enterite crônica com difuso infiltrado inflamatório. A fixação do parasito na mucosa intestinal provocou estrangulamento e hiperplasia da região, bem como hipertrofia da muscular da mucosa. O presente trabalho descreve os aspectos anatomopatológicos e ultra-estruturais da ação parasitária por Rohdella sp. no trato intestinal de C. psittacus.


Subject(s)
Animals , Intestinal Mucosa/anatomy & histology , Intestinal Mucosa/parasitology , Intestinal Mucosa/pathology , Platyhelminths/isolation & purification , Tetraodontiformes/parasitology , Intestinal Mucosa/ultrastructure
9.
Comun. ciênc. saúde ; 22(4): 327-334, jun. 11, 2012.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-685928

ABSTRACT

A esporotricose acomete seres humanos e animais e é causada pelo fungo Sporothrix schenckii. Há 13 anos vem sendo descrita uma epidemia envolvendo seres humanos, cães e gatos no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. O médico veterinário insere-se neste contexto como grupo ocupacional de risco e como agente promotor de saúde e para isso necessita estar atualizado com relação à doença em si e aos procedimentos de Biossegurança.


Sporotrichosis affects humans and animals and is caused by the fungus Sporothrix schenckii. An epidemic of this disease involving human beings, dogs and cats has been described since 1998 in the state of Rio de Janeiro. Veterinarian !ts into this context as occupational risk group as well as a public health agent and thus needs to be well informed and updated about the disease and biosafety procedures.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Occupational Risks , Sporotrichosis , Veterinary Medicine
10.
Rev. bras. parasitol. vet ; 20(4): 351-353, Dec. 2011. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-609133

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to estimate the occurrence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies by means of the Indirect Immunufluorescent Antibody Assay (IFAT) in cattle and pigs from slaughterhouses in two municipalities in the State of Rio de Janeiro. IgG anti-T. gondii antibodies was found in 1.96 percent (9/459) of the cattle and 7.64 percent (31/406) of the pigs, without any positive association (p > 0.05) with risk factors for transmission and seropositivity. Taking the cutoff point of IFAT ³ 1:64, titers of 64 and 256 were detected, suggesting chronic infection. Despite the low prevalence rates found for cattle and pigs, these indicated environmental contamination in the municipalities investigated, biosafety failures at the technified pig farm evaluated and the possibility of human and animal infection through eating raw or undercooked meat from these animals.


Este trabalho objetivou estimar a ocorrência de anticorpos anti-Toxoplasma gondii por meio da Reação de Imunofluorescência Indireta (RIFI) em bovinos e suínos de abatedouros de dois municípios do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Anticorpos IgG anti-T. gondii foram encontrados em 1,96 por cento (9/459) dos bovinos e em 7,64 por cento (31/406) dos suínos, sem associação positiva (p > 0,05) em relação aos fatores de risco de transmissão e a soropositividade. Considerando-se o ponto de corte (RIFI ³ 1:64), foram detectados os títulos de 64 e 256, sugestivos de infecção crônica. Apesar de baixas, as prevalências encontradas para bovinos e suínos indicaram contaminação ambiental nos municípios avaliados, falhas na biossegurança da granja tecnificada de suínos e a possibilidade de infecção humana e animal pela ingestão da carne crua ou mal passada desses animais.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Antibodies, Protozoan/blood , Cattle/blood , Swine/blood , Toxoplasma/immunology , Abattoirs
11.
Rev. bras. parasitol. vet ; 20(3): 207-209, July-Sept. 2011. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-604709

ABSTRACT

Five specimens of Arapaima gigas caught in the Araguaia River (State of Mato Grosso, Brazil) were investigated for helminths in 2004. Numerous adult specimens of the rhapidascarid nematode Goezia spinulosa were found in stomach ulcers in all the specimens of A. gigas and were surrounded by thickening of the mucosa. The gastric glands of all the fish were necrotic and there was a severe and diffuse inflammatory reaction composed of eosinophils (which were predominant), lymphocytes and rare macrophages in the mucosa, submucosa and muscle layer. This is the first report of tissue lesion occurrences in this host, in the presence of G. spinulosa, and it confirms the high pathogenicity of this parasite species.


Cinco espécimens de Arapaima gigas capturados no Rio Araguaia (Estado do Mato Grosso, Brasil) foram investigados para diagnóstico de infecção por helmintos em 2004. Numerosos espécimes adultos do nematóide rafidascarídeo Goezia spinulosa foram encontrados em úlceras do estômago circundadas por um espessamento da mucosa em todos os exemplares de A. gigas. As glândulas gástricas de todos encontravam-se necróticas e havia um acentuado e difuso infiltrado inflamatório composto por eosinófilos, que eram predominantes, linfócitos e raros macrófagos na mucosa, submucosa e camada muscular. As lesões teciduais na presença de nematóide G. spinulosa são relatadas pela primeira vez nesse hospedeiro e confirmam a alta patogenicidade dessa espécie de parasito.


Subject(s)
Animals , Fish Diseases/parasitology , Nematode Infections/veterinary , Stomach/parasitology , Stomach/pathology , Brazil , Fresh Water
12.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 42(1): 77-78, Jan.-Feb. 2009.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-507370

ABSTRACT

Leishmaniose visceral é uma zoonose de importância em Saúde Pública, onde os cães representam um dos maiores problemas. Este trabalho visa relatar o primeiro caso autóctone da leishmaniose visceral canina no município de Maricá, fornecendo elementos relacionados à distribuição geográfica de Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi no Estado do Rio de Janeiro.


Visceral leishmaniasis is a zoonosis of public health importance, and dogs represent one of the main problems. This paper describes the first autochthonous case of canine visceral leishmaniasis in the municipality of Maricá. It provides new facts regarding the geographical distribution of Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi in the State of Rio de Janeiro.


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Male , Dog Diseases/diagnosis , Leishmaniasis, Visceral/veterinary , Brazil/epidemiology , Dog Diseases/epidemiology , Dog Diseases/parasitology , Leishmania infantum/isolation & purification , Leishmaniasis, Visceral/diagnosis , Leishmaniasis, Visceral/epidemiology
13.
Rev. bras. ciênc. vet ; 16(1): 27-32, 2009.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1491374

ABSTRACT

A avaliação do curso da infecção por Toxoplasma gondii em camundongos alimentados com micotoxinas, utilizando a histopatologia e imuno-histoquímica, demonstrou a ocorrência de lesões mais acentuadas nos animais infectados e expostos às toxinas. Diferentes quadros de inflamação e necrose encefálica e hepática mostraram que a associação entre parasitismo e a ingestão das micotoxinas causou agravamento nas lesões. A fumonisina B1(FB1, isolada ou associada a outras micotoxinas) foi responsável por alterações celulares como gigantismo nuclear, hipertrofia celular e células atípicas em tecido hepático. A FB1 foi também relacionada com quadros de desmielinização em tecido cerebral. A presença de cistos ou formas livres da cepa ME-49 de T. gondii foi constatada tanto em animais controle quanto nos alimentados com micotoxinas, mostrando que a cepa do parasita, nesta linhagem C57BL/6 de camundongos, apresenta formas características de fase aguda e crônica da infecção.


The course of toxoplasmosis in mice fed with mycotoxins was evaluated by histopatology and immunohistochemistry. The most severe lesions was seen in animals infected by T. gondii and fed on mycotoxins, when they were compered with control animals. Encephalitis, hepatitis, necrosis foci in the brain and liver showed that the association parasite infection and micotoxicosis aggravated the lesions. The fumonisin B1(isolated or in adiccion to others mycotoxins) was responsable for cellular alteration like nuclear enlargement, cellular hypertrophy, and atypical cells in hepatic tissue. This mycotoxin was also related to brain desmyelinization. The presence of cysts or free parasites was observed in control and intoxicated animals. This result showed that ME49 strain of T. gondii, in C57BL/6 mice, can display typical forms of acute and chronic infection.


Subject(s)
Guinea Pigs , Mice/classification , Immunohistochemistry/methods , Pathology , Diet , Parasitic Diseases , Inflammation/complications , Mycotoxins/adverse effects , Toxoplasma/pathogenicity
14.
Parasitol. latinoam ; 63(1/4): 81-84, Dec. 2008.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-551398

ABSTRACT

Duas especies de cestóides em perus, Meleagris gallopavo (Galliformes, Phasianidae), no Brazil: patologia induzida por Hymenolepis cantaniana e ocorência de Raillietina tetragona. A patologia induzida em perus pelo cestóide H. cantaniana é descrita, com dados sobre prevalência, intensidade media e amplitude das cargas parasitarias. H. cantaniana ocorreu com urna prevalência de 5.0 por cento nas 40 aves examinadas, com intensidade media de 17.5 e amplitude de 14-21 espécimes de cestóides. Não foram observadas lesões macroscópicas nos perus parasitados. As lesões provocadas por H. cantaniana eram representadas, principalmente, ou por múltiplos segmentos dos parásitos, acompanhados por discreta reação inflamatoria mista com a presera de células mononucleares e heterófilos, ou por severos processos inflamatorios transmurais, caracterizados pela presera de células mononucleares, ao longo das carnadas muscular e serosa das vilosidades e criptas intestinais. Estes representam os primeiros achados patológicos relacionados a presera de cestóides em perus a serem relatados no Brasil. Raillietina tetragona, não patogênica para as aves investigadas, ocorreu com baixa prevalência e amplitude de infecção de 2.5 por cento e 1-2 parásitos, respectivamente.


The pathology induced in turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo) by one cestode species Hymenolepis cantaniana is described together with data on prevalence, mean infection and range of worm burdens. H. cantaniana occurred with a prevalence of 5.0 percent in the 40 examined hosts in a range of 14-21 specimens and a mean intensity of 17.5. Gross lesions were not observed in the parasitized birds. Lesions due to H cantaniana mainly consisted of multiple segments of parasites, together with a mild mixed inflammatory reaction with the presence ofmononuclear cells and heterophils or severe transmural inflammatory processes, characterized by the presence ofmononuclear cells along the muscular and serosa layers of the intestinal villi and crypts. These are the first pathological findings related to the presence ofcestodes in turkeys to be reported in Brazil so far. Raillietina tetragona, not pathogenic to the present investigated turkeys, occurred with a low prevalence and range of infection of 2.5 percent and 1-2 worms, respectively.


Subject(s)
Male , Animals , Female , Bird Diseases/parasitology , Cestode Infections/epidemiology , Cestode Infections/pathology , Turkeys/parasitology , Brazil/epidemiology , Bird Diseases/epidemiology , Bird Diseases/pathology , Cestode Infections/veterinary , Prevalence
15.
Ciênc. rural ; 38(9): 2535-2539, dez. 2008. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-498408

ABSTRACT

Este estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de analisar os aspectos microscópicos e enfatizar a importância do exame histopatológico na determinação do diagnóstico de lesões tumoriformes na cavidade nasal de eqüídeos. Para tanto, foram estudados microscopicamente cortes de tecido de 11 eqüídeos com lesões tumoriformes na cavidade nasal. Essas amostras foram enviadas ao Serviço de Anatomia Patológica da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária da Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, no período de 2000 a 2004. Foram diagnosticados três casos de rinosporidiose, um de amiloidose, seis de pólipos nasais e um de hematoma etmoidal progressivo.


The purpose of the present study was to analyze the microscopic aspects of tumor-like masses present in the nasal cavity of equids and also to emphasize the importance of histopathological examination for determining the diagnosis. Tissue sections of tumor-like masses from the nasal cavity of 11 equids were microscopically examined. These samples were sent to the Anatomic Pathology Service of the Veterinary Medicine College from the Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, from 2000 to 2004. Three cases of rhinosporidiosis, one of amyloidosis, six of nasal polyps and one of progressive ethmoid hematoma were diagnosed.

16.
Ciênc. rural ; 38(9): 2545-2551, dez. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-498410

ABSTRACT

Este estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de verificar a prevalência e as características anatomopatológicas de neoplasias espontâneas encontradas em ratos Wistar, provenientes do biotério do Centro de Criação de Animais de Laboratório, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro. Foram necropsiados 1.964 ratos Wistar, no período entre agosto de 2002 e janeiro de 2007, após eutanásia em câmara de gás carbônico. Amostras teciduais foram colhidas, fixadas em formol tamponado a 10 por cento e processadas pelas técnicas habituais para inclusão em parafina. Foram realizados 38 diagnósticos de neoplasmas, sendo 36 ratos acometidos, o que representa uma prevalência de 1,8 por cento. Dos 36 animais, apenas seis (16,7%) eram machos e um (2,8%) jovem. As neoplasias diagnosticadas com as respectivas ocorrências foram: carcinoma mamário (42,1 %), fibroadenoma mamário (13,2%), hemangiossarcoma (7,9%), adenoma da glândula hipófise (7,9%), adenoma mamário (5,3%), fibrossarcoma (5,3%), adenocarcinoma papilífero pulmonar primário (2,6%), epitelioma sebáceo (2,6%), ganglioneuroblastoma na glândula adrenal (2,6%), leiomioma uterino (2,6%), mesotelioma (2,6%), osteossarcoma osteoblástico (2,6 por cento) e papiloma (2,6%). No presente estudo a prevalência de neoplasias espontâneas foi bastante inferior à encontrada em estudos similares, com predomínio dos tumores malignos. O epitelioma sebáceo e os carcinomas mamários mucinoso e simples cístico-papilar com ocorrência espontânea foram descritos pela primeira vez em ratos Wistar.


The purpose of the present study was to check the prevalence and the pathologic features of spontaneous neoplasms found in Wistar rat, from the production colonies at the Center for Laboratory Animal Breeding, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro. One thousand nine hundred and sixty four Wistar rats were submitted to necropsy in the period between August 2002 and January 2007, after euthanasia in CO2 chamber. Tissue samples were collected, fixed in 10 percent buffered formalin and processed by the usual techniques for inclusion in paraffin. Thirty eight neoplasms were diagnoses and 36 rats had tumors, representing a prevalence of 1.8 percent. Among the 36 animals, only six (16.7%) were male and one (2.8% young. The neoplasms were diagnosed with the following occurrences: mammary carcinoma (42.1%), mammary fibroadenoma (13.2%), hemangiosarcoma (7.9%), adenoma of the pituitary gland (7.9%), mammary adenoma (5.3%), fibrosarcoma (5.3%), primary papillary pulmonary adenocarcinoma (2.6%), sebaceous epithelioma (2.6%), ganglioneuroblastoma in the adrenal gland (2.6%), leiomyoma of the uterus (2.6%), mesothelioma (2.6%), osteosarcoma osteoblastic (2.6%), papilloma (2.6%). In this study the prevalence of spontaneous neoplasms was lower than the ones found in similar studies and the malignant tumors predominated. The sebaceous epithelioma and also the mucinous and simple papillary-cystic mammary carcinomas with spontaneous occurrence were described in Wistar rats for the first time.

17.
Rev. bras. ciênc. vet ; 15(3): 140-142, set.-dez. 2008. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-519322

ABSTRACT

De março a agosto de 2002 foi realizado um levantamento de parasitos em trinta patos domésticos criados extensivamenteoriundos de seis municípios do estado do Rio de Janeiro, através de exames clínicos, necropsias e amostras de tecidosafetados. Dezessete aves estavam parasitadas por oito diferentes espécies de helmintos. A prevalência e a intensidade médiade infecção entre as aves parasitadas foram registradas. O presente trabalho registra, pela primeira vez no Brasil, nematóides da espécie Capillaria phasianina nestes hospedeiros.


From March to August 2002 a survey concerning the parasites of the muscovy ducks ( Cairina moschata dom.) was carried out.These waterfowls were originated from six counties of Rio de Janeiro state and were bred in free-range system. This researchwas based in clinic examination, necropsies and tissue samples collection for histopathology of 30 waterfowls. Birds wereclassified in to two-aged groups: young ones (3 – 5 months, n = 10) and adult ones (5,5 – 36 months, n = 20). Seventeen ducks.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Female , Helminths/parasitology , Ducks/parasitology , Prevalence
18.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 103(3): 295-297, May 2008. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-485223

ABSTRACT

The pathology induced in turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo) by two capillariid nematodes, Baruscapillaria obsignata and Eucoleus annulatus is described together with data on prevalences, mean infection and range of worm burdens. B. obsignata occurred with a prevalence of 72.5 percent in the 40 examined hosts in a range of 2-461 nematodes and a mean intensity of 68.6, whereas E. annulatus was present in 2.5 percent of the animals, with a total amount of five recovered parasites. Gross lesions were not observed in the parasitized birds. Lesions due to B. obsignata mainly consisted of the thickening of intestinal villi with a mild mixed inflammatory infiltrate with the presence of mononuclear cells and heterophils. The lesions induced by E. annulatus were represented by foci of inflammatory infiltrate with heterophils in the crop epithelium and esophagus of a single infected female. These are the first pathological findings related to the presence of capillariid worms in turkeys to be reported in Brazil so far. Capillaria anatis, although present, was not pathogenic to the investigated turkeys.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Nematode Infections/veterinary , Turkeys/parasitology , Brazil , Nematode Infections/parasitology , Nematode Infections/pathology , Parasite Egg Count , Severity of Illness Index
19.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 103(2): 207-210, Mar. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-480636

ABSTRACT

Two species of Didymozoidae, Didymosulcus palati (Yamaguti 1970) and Didymosulcus philobranchiarca (Yamaguti 1970) were reported for the first time in South America, Atlantic Ocean, parasitizing three different tuna species from the coast of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: Thunnus atlanticus (Lesson), Thunnus albacares (Bonnaterre) and Thunnus obesus (Lowe). Pairs of D. philobranchiarca were found on gill arches of T. albacares and T. obesus, in longitudinal rows of yellow cysts located inside grooves in the hard denticle palate (new site) of the three hosts species studied, and as disperse groups of cysts in the operculum (new site) and gill arches of T. atlanticus (new host record). D. palati occurred as disperse groups of encysted worm pairs in the gill arches of T. albacares and T. obesus and in gill arches and operculum of T. atlanticus (new host record). The pathological alterations induced by D. philobranchiarca in the palate of T. atlanticus are described for the first time. Original measurements and figures are presented.


Subject(s)
Animals , Fish Diseases/epidemiology , Trematoda/isolation & purification , Trematode Infections/veterinary , Tuna/parasitology , Atlantic Ocean , Brazil/epidemiology , Fish Diseases/diagnosis , Fish Diseases/parasitology , Prevalence , Trematoda/classification , Trematode Infections/diagnosis , Trematode Infections/epidemiology , Tuna/classification
20.
Ciênc. rural ; 38(1): 155-160, jan.-fev. 2008. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-470006

ABSTRACT

Uma investigação sobre a prevalência e os aspectos anatomopatológicos de casos naturais da mineralização metastática em coelhos (Oryctolagus cuniculus) foi realizada em 79 animais provenientes de dois biotérios de criação (A e B) e de uma criação comercial, do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. A ração comercial fornecida aos animais dos três criatórios foi a mesma. Apenas animais do biotério A, com uma prevalência de 21 por cento, apresentaram alterações macroscópicas e microscópicas relacionadas à mineralização metastática. Todos os coelhos acometidos possuíam idade acima de 1 ano e 92 por cento eram fêmeas. Os órgãos mais freqüentemente atingidos foram a artéria aorta e principais ramos, que apresentavam mineralização das túnicas íntima e média, metaplasia cartilaginosa e óssea na túnica média, arterite granulomatosa e degeneração hialina. Os rins foram o segundo órgão mais comumente acometido, mostrando mineralização da cápsula de Bowman, distensão do espaço de Bowman, fibrose intersticial e mineralização da parede, dos túbulos contornados e dos ductos coletores. As alterações patológicas foram similares às observadas nos casos de hipervitaminose D, excesso de cálcio e fósforo na dieta de coelhos, devendo os níveis dessas substâncias serem revistos e analisados periodicamente nas rações comerciais desses animais.


A survey on the prevalence and morphological aspects of natural cases of metastatic mineralization was performed in 79 rabbits from two breeding animal houses (A and B) and from a commercial rabbit breeding facility in the state of Rio de Janeiro. Rabbits from the three facilities were fed with the same commercial ration. Only rabbits from the facility A presented gross and microscopic alterations associated with metastatic mineralization with a prevalence of 21 percent. All of the affected rabbits were older than one year old and 92 percent were females. The most altered organs were the aorta and its main branches, which showed extensive mineralization of the intima and media, osseous and cartilaginous metaplasia of the media, granulomatous arteritis and hyaline degeneration. The second most affected organ were the kidneys, which showed mineralization of Bowman capsule, distention of the Bowman space, interstitial fibrosis and mineralization of the wall of convoluted tubules and collecting ducts. The pathologic alterations were similar to that observed in the cases of hypervitaminosis D and on rabbits fed with either high calcium or phosphorus diets. Therefore, the concentrations of these substances in the commercial rabbit rations should be reviewed and periodically analysed.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rabbits , Calcification, Physiologic , Pathology , Prevalence
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